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stats::modal -- the modal (most frequent) value(s)

Introduction

stats::modal(data) returns the most frequent value(s) of the data.

Call(s)

stats::modal(x1, x2, ..)
stats::modal([x1, x2, ..])
stats::modal(s <, c>)

Parameters

x1, x2, .. - the statistical data: arithmetical expressions.
s - a sample of domain type stats::sample.
c - an integer representing a column index of the sample s. This column provides the data x1, x2 etc.

Returns

an arithmetical expression.

Returns

a sequence consisting of a list and an integer. The list contains the most frequent element(s) in the data, the integer specifies the number of occurrences. E.g., the result ``[data5, data10], 21'' means that data5 and data10 are the most frequent data items, each occurring 21 times.

Related Functions

stats::a_quantil, stats::geometric, stats::harmonic, stats::mean, stats::median, stats::quadratic, stats::stdev, stats::variance

Details

Example 1

We calculate the modal value of a data sequence:

>> stats::modal(2, a, b, c, b, 10, 12, 2, b)
   
                                  [b], 3
      

Alternatively, the data may be passed as a list:

>> stats::modal([a, a, a, b, c, b, 10, 12, 2, b])
   
                                 [a, b], 3
      

Example 2

We create a sample containing ``age'' and ``gender'':

>> stats::sample([[32, "f"], [25, "m"], [40, "f"], [23, "f"]])
   
                                 32  "f"
                                 25  "m"
                                 40  "f"
                                 23  "f"
      

The modal value of the second column (the most frequent ``gender'') is calculated:

>> stats::modal(%, 2)
   
                                 ["f"], 3
      

Example 3

We create a sample consisting of only one column:

>> stats::sample([4, 6, 2, 6, 8, 3, 2, 1, 7, 9, 3, 6, 5, 1, 6, 8]):
   

The modal value of these data is calculated. In this case the column does not have to be specified, since there is only one column:

>> stats::modal(%)
   
                                  [6], 4
      

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